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Soil color does not affect the behavior and use of soil; however, it can indicate the composition of the soil and give clues to the conditions that the soil is subjected to. 〔Brady, Nyle C. & Ray R. Weil ''Elements of the Nature and Properties of Soils'', page 95. Prentice Hall, 2006.〕 Soil can exhibit a wide range of colour; gray, black, white, reds, browns, yellows and under the right conditions green. 〔 Varying horizontal bands of colour in the soil often identify a specific soil horizon. The development and distribution of color in soil results from chemical and biological weathering, especially redox reactions. As the primary minerals in soil parent material weather, the elements combine into new and colorful compounds. Aerobic conditions produce uniform or gradual color changes, while reducing environments result in disrupted color flow with complex, mottled patterns and points of color concentration. ==Causes of soil color== Soil color is influenced by the amount of proteins present in the soil. Yellow or red soil indicates the presence of iron oxides.〔 Dark brown or black color in soil indicates that the soil has a high organic matter content. Wet soil will appear darker than dry soil. 〔 However, the presence of water also affects soil color by affecting the oxidation rate. Soil that has a high water content will have less air in the soil, specifically less oxygen. In well drained (and therefore oxygen rich soils) red and brown colours caused by oxidation are more common, as opposed to in wet (low oxygen) soils where the soil usually appears grey.〔 The presence of specific minerals can also affect soil color. Manganese oxide causes a black color, glauconite makes the soil green, and calcite can make soil in arid regions appear white.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Soil color」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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